3ds / sca issues only in production

I’m having issues with visa in UK I have tried with credit and debit cards from TSB, Halifax and Lloyds. No verification popup shows.

When I try with AMEX a verification pops up and I receive a text message.

I’m developing a kiosk software using wpf and .net 8. The front end is being hosted in WebView2.

The issue is only in production.

This is an example error (I used my own card for this, and there are no messages in my banking app. I get the same error if I use my real details):

Square Payments API returned 400 BadRequest:
{“errors”: [{“code”: “GENERIC_DECLINE”,“detail”: “Authorization error: ‘GENERIC_DECLINE’”,“category”: “PAYMENT_METHOD_ERROR”}],“payment”: {“id”: “xwyLE0yFNwHucAoHtbQXdzyMfNDZY”,“created_at”: “2026-07-01T14:16:55.679Z”,“updated_at”: “2026-07-01T14:16:55.708Z”,“amount_money”: {“amount”: 100,“currency”: “GBP”},“status”: “FAILED”,“delay_duration”: “PT168H”,“source_type”: “CARD”,“card_details”: {“status”: “FAILED”,“card”: {“card_brand”: “VISA”,“last_4”: “2914”,“exp_month”: 1,“exp_year”: 2028,“fingerprint”: “sq-1-6h7U-GYeGE4dgKsOQD4Yckc_H0VV_GT55cnqODKhhRZEsc5QBWTGUt65_Y5-r2fxAQ”,“card_type”: “DEBIT”,“prepaid_type”: “NOT_PREPAID”,“bin”: “476367”},“entry_method”: “KEYED”,“errors”: [{“code”: “GENERIC_DECLINE”,“detail”: “Authorization error: ‘GENERIC_DECLINE’”,“category”: “PAYMENT_METHOD_ERROR”}],“card_payment_timeline”: {“authorized_at”: “2026-07-01T14:16:55.708Z”}},“location_id”: “LF8HFB22GWTKM”,“order_id”: “e2x7q3DLjwnGACXVOUdk5D69cvaZY”,“buyer_email_address”: “[email protected]”,“billing_address”: {“address_line_1”: “Any Road”,“locality”: “Any Town”,“administrative_district_level_1”: “ANY CITY”,“postal_code”: “PostCode”,“country”: “GB”},“note”: “WPF .NET 8 WebView2 Square 3DS sample”,“total_money”: {“amount”: 100,“currency”: “GBP”},“approved_money”: {“amount”: 0,“currency”: “GBP”},“delay_action”: “CANCEL”,“delayed_until”: “2026-07-08T14:16:55.679Z”,“application_details”: {“square_product”: “ECOMMERCE_API”,“application_id”: “sq0idp-mNsJUNx0U_oWidi4IfoSxA”},“version_token”: “0Rx3yTXmWSrTrzGwWj0ukndRraHIQtTcF34NyUyAE4Z6o”}}